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{"id":958,"date":"2020-02-12T08:15:55","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T08:15:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.pollicy.org\/?p=958"},"modified":"2024-07-21T23:49:41","modified_gmt":"2024-07-21T23:49:41","slug":"whats-in-a-chart-a-step-by-step-guide-to-identifying-misinformation-in-a-data-visualization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.pollicy.org\/2020\/02\/whats-in-a-chart-a-step-by-step-guide-to-identifying-misinformation-in-a-data-visualization\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s in a chart? A Step-by-Step guide to Identifying Misinformation in a Data Visualization"},"content":{"rendered":"

The world produces over 2.5 quintillion bytes of data each data, so much data that it has become diff<\/span>icult to make sense of it all. This has led to increasing demand for new technologies and tools to help us collect and analyze this data. Data visualization is one of the techniques that can help us extract insights from data. Data visualization or Information visualization or statistical graphics refers to the representation of data or information in a chart, graph or any other visual format. Data visualization is used because it provides insights traditional statistics cannot and allows users to discover insights quickly and easily.<\/p>\n

When creating data visualizations, we often present the data in different formats using icons, images, maps or any other visuals in order to transform it in ways we think users can easily understand. For example, when we present data on a map we often use a single object that represents different numbers of the object, for example, one tree to represent 50 trees. Such an illustration can end up confusing viewers or users of the data viz and spread misinformation or disinformation.<\/p>\n

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Chart 1. Identifying Misinformation in Charts<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Misinformation<\/strong>\u00a0is incorrect or misleading information that causes people to be misinformed and\u00a0disinformation<\/strong>\u00a0refers to false information deliberately and often covertly spread in order to influence public opinion or obscure the truth. As data visualization designers, we often lie by misrepresenting data to tell a specific story we are interested in telling. In some cases, misinformation stems from the way the data was collected especially in cases where the study questions are structured in a way that is misleading and biases the respondents.<\/p>\n

In 2019,\u00a0Mozilla<\/a>\u00a0carried out a survey on misinformation around the world and their findings revealed that a larger proportion of the respondents believed that platforms such as Facebook, Google, YouTube, etc, were the key bearers of the responsibility when it comes to tackling the online misinformation problem and that the best way to tackle misinformation was through education.<\/p>\n

We too at Pollicy believe the best way to safeguard from misinformation is to arm yourself with tech-appropriate analytical and evaluative skills that will expose the most oversimplified and malicious data visualizations. In this blog, we will explore some most common data misrepresentations that result in misinformation and how a designer can design visualizations that communicate effectively. We will start off with the most common data misrepresentations that cause misinformation and disinformation.<\/p>\n

Truncated charts or graphs<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The y-axis can be manipulated to mislead viewers and have them interpret the results differently. This can happen in two different scenarios;<\/p>\n